Services

Digital Forensic Investigation for UK Businesses

When you need to know what happened rather than what probably happened — and to be able to demonstrate it later to an employment tribunal, an insurer or the ICO.

HANDLING
Documented Chain of Custody
GUIDANCE
ACPO Digital Evidence Principles
SOURCES
Endpoints, Cloud, Email, Mobile, Logs
OUTPUT
Factual Report Suitable for Proceedings
In short

What is digital forensics used for in a business?

Digital forensics establishes what actually happened, from evidence rather than assumption. Businesses use it after a breach to determine what data was accessed, in employee misconduct or data-theft cases to produce defensible findings for HR or legal proceedings, and to satisfy regulators that a proper investigation took place.

Evidence is fragile, and the first response usually destroys it

The most common reason an investigation fails is that the business acted first and called later. A laptop is wiped and reissued. A departing employee's mailbox is deleted to reclaim the licence. An infected server is rebuilt to get trading again. Each of those is understandable, and each destroys the record of what happened.

If you suspect you may need to establish facts later — for the ICO, for an insurer, for a tribunal, for a police report — preserve first. Isolate the device from the network but leave it powered on if it is on, suspend any automatic deletion or retention policy on the relevant accounts, and take advice before anything is rebuilt or reissued.

  • Do not wipe, reimage or reissue suspect devices
  • Place a legal hold on mailboxes and cloud accounts before deleting anything
  • Suspend automatic log rotation and retention expiry on relevant systems
  • Record who touched what, and when, from the moment concerns arise

Breach investigation

After a security incident the questions that matter are: how did they get in, when, how long were they present, what did they access, did data leave, and are they still there? Those answers directly determine your notification obligations, so guessing is not an acceptable substitute.

We work from endpoint artefacts, authentication and audit logs, mail records, firewall and proxy data, and cloud platform logs to build a defensible timeline — and we are equally clear about what the evidence does not show, because over-claiming in a report that later reaches a regulator helps nobody.

Employee and insider investigations

A significant share of our forensic work involves people rather than malware: a departing salesperson suspected of taking the client list, misuse of company systems, or a dispute over what an employee did and when. These require particular care because the findings may end up in an employment tribunal, and because the investigation itself must comply with UK GDPR and employment law.

We work to a defined scope agreed with your HR advisers or solicitors, examine only what is proportionate to the allegation, and report factually — what the evidence shows, what it does not show, and where alternative explanations exist. That restraint is precisely what makes a report hold up.

  • USB and removable media usage — what was connected and what was copied
  • Cloud and personal webmail upload activity
  • File access, print and deletion history
  • Mailbox forwarding and auto-rule creation
  • Browser and application activity within the agreed scope
What you receive

Included in every engagement

Fixed scope, agreed in writing before we start. If the scope changes, we stop and re-quote rather than invoicing the difference.

Frequently asked questions

Digital Forensics — your questions answered

Can you recover evidence if a device has been wiped?
Sometimes. Deleted files are frequently recoverable, and cloud and email logs often survive on the server side even when the device does not. A full secure wipe or SSD TRIM operation may make local recovery impossible, which is why preservation before action matters so much.
Will your report be accepted in an employment tribunal or court?
We follow ACPO digital evidence principles, maintain a documented chain of custody and report factually with stated limitations. That is what makes findings defensible. Admissibility is ultimately a matter for the tribunal or court, and we can provide testimony if required.
Can we investigate an employee without telling them?
Covert monitoring is legally constrained in the UK and must be necessary, proportionate and justified, with a documented lawful basis under UK GDPR. We work to a scope agreed with your HR advisers or solicitors and will flag where a proposed approach creates legal risk.
How long does a forensic investigation take?
A focused question — such as whether a specific file was copied to a USB device — can often be answered within days. A full breach investigation across multiple systems typically takes one to three weeks depending on the volume of evidence.
What should we do right now to preserve evidence?
Isolate the device from the network but leave it powered on, place a legal hold on relevant mailboxes and cloud accounts, suspend log rotation, and do not rebuild or reissue anything. Then call +44 7424 967568.

Question not answered here? Call +44 7424 967568 or email support@cipherknights.com.

Ready to talk about digital forensics?

Book a free, no-obligation consultation with our Leicester team, or call us and we will point you in the right direction whether or not you become a client.